AC vs. DC Current

Understanding the difference between alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC) is fundamental in electrical engineering. Both types of current have unique characteristics and applications.

Direct Current (DC)

DC is a type of current that flows in one direction only. It is commonly used in batteries and electronic devices.

Characteristics of DC

  • Constant voltage and current
  • Flows in one direction
  • Used in low-voltage applications

Alternating Current (AC)

AC is a type of current that periodically reverses direction. It is commonly used in power distribution systems.

Characteristics of AC

  • Variable voltage and current
  • Reverses direction periodically
  • Used in high-voltage applications

Example Calculation

Consider a DC circuit with a voltage of 12V and a resistance of 4Ω:


I = V / R
I = 12V / 4Ω
I = 3A

Applications of AC and DC

AC and DC are used in:

  • Power distribution (AC)
  • Electronic devices (DC)
  • Renewable energy systems (both AC and DC)

Practice Problems

  1. Calculate the current in a DC circuit with a voltage of 9V and a resistance of 3Ω.
  2. Determine the voltage in an AC circuit with a current of 2A and a resistance of 5Ω.

 

 

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